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Research Interests:
I have designed experiments and computational simulations for the following topics: Li-ion batteries (LIB), Na-, Mg- batteries, fuel cells, and nano(energy)materials. In our research group, we aim to predict the materials properties based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations. In fact, it is very useful to experimentally design energy devices (e.g. batteries), when the thermodynamic materials properties are already predicted from the DFT calculations. Additionally, beyond the quantum mechanical theory, it is also critical to understand/investigate the following scientific phenomenon at multiple scales; i.e. microscopic diffusion behavior, mass and heat transport properties, complex chemical (competing) reaction mechanisms, and experimental visualization/verification.
Research Performed at Northwestern University During PhD:
First-principles calculations on Li-, Na-, and Mg-batteries
Biography:
I have both experimental and computational research backgrounds before coming to Northwestern University. I worked with Professor Phil Savage and Dr. Greg DiLeo as an undergraduate researcher at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor to study the hydrogen gas productions via supercritical water gasification (SCWG). At Carnegie Mellon, I developed a tubular solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) continuum fluid dynamic (CFD) computational model with Professor Myung S. Jhon and Professor Lorenz T. Biegler.
I moved back to Korea and worked in Samsung as a research engineer with Dr. Chunjoong Kim to develop various LIB cathode materials (LiFePO4, Li4Ti5O12, NCM, etc.) in lab- and industrial-scale (2009-11). Then, I joined the Center for Energy Convergence Research as a research staff at Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) to synthesize and understand more advanced LIB cathode materials such as Li2MnO3-stabilized layered-layered structures (2011-13), collaborating with Dr. Byung-Won Cho and Dr. Kyung Yoon Chung. At KIST, we also worked on other electrochemical systems other than LIB, for example, Mg-battery and Mg-Air batteries [Video Link on Mg-Air Battery Car Tested at KIST].
Soo worked on several Mn-based cathode materials using DFT, in collaborations with battery scientists at Argonne National Laboratory (Dr. Michael M. Thackeray, Dr. Jason R. Croy, and Dr. Eungje Lee), while staying at Northwestern. Within the department, Soo has closely worked with research scientists at Prof. Mark Hersam's research group. Soo was recently selected as the winner of Edward G. Weston Summer Fellowship to pursuit of work in a field of interest to the Electrochemical Society (ECS). In addition, Soo just won the 2018 ECS Industrial Electrochemistry and Electrochemical Engineering (IEEE) H. H. Dow Memorial Student Achievement Award, established in 1990 to recognize promising young engineers and scientists in the field of electrochemical engineering and applied electrochemistry. This award was made possible by a gift from the Dow Chemical Company Foundation and is intended to encourage the recipient to continue his career in electrochemical engineering or applied electrochemistry.
Soo moved to MIT on October, 2017 to start as a Postdoc Researcher working for Prof. Yang Shao-Horn in the Electrochemical Energy Lab (EEL).
Education:
BSE in Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, 2004-2008
MS in Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 2008-2009
PhD in Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2013-2017
Publications [Google Scholar]:
2017 (4th Year)
● Z. Yao, S. Kim, M. Aykol, Q. Li, J. Wu, J. He, and C. Wolverton. "Revealing the Conversion Mechanism of Transition Metal Oxide Electrodes during Lithiation from First Principles". Chem. Mater., 2017, DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b02058.
● S. Kim, M. Aykol, V. I. Hegde, Z. Lu, S. Kirklin, J. Croy, M. M. Thackeray, and C. Wolverton. "Materials Design of High-Capacity Li-rich Layered-Oxide Electrodes: Li2MnO3 and Beyond". Energy Environ. Sci., 2017, 10, 2201-2211.
● K. -S. Chen, R. Xu, N. S. Luu, E. B. Secor, K. Hamamoto, Q. Li, S. Kim, V. K. Sangwan, I. Balla, L. M. Guiney, J. -W. T. Seo, X. Yu, W. Liu, J. Wu, C. Wolverton, V. P. Dravid, S. A. Barnett, J. Lu, K. Amine, and M. C. Hersam. “Comprehensive Enhancement of Nanostructured Lithium-ion Battery Cathode Materials via Conformal Graphene Dispersion”. Nano Lett., 2017, 17, 2539–2546.
2016 (3rd Year)
● S. Kim. “The 2016 Edward G. Weston Summer Research Fellowship – Summary Report: First-principles Investigation of Spinel LixM2O4 (1 ≤ x ≤ 2, M = Mn/Ni/Co) Structures”. The Electrochemical Society Interface, 2016, 25, 96–97.
● M. Aykol, S. Kim, V. I. Hegde, D. Snydacker, Z. Lu, S. Hao, D. Morgan, and C. Wolverton. “High-throughput Computational Design of Cathode Coatings for Li-ion Batteries”. Nature Communications, 2016, 7, 13779
● E. Lee, J. Blauwkamp, F. C. Castro, J. Wu, V. P. Dravid, P. Yan, C. Wang, S. Kim, C. Wolverton, R. Benedek, F. Dogan, J. S. Park, J. R. Croy, and M. M. Thackeray. “Exploring Lithium-Cobalt-Nickel-Oxide Spinel Electrodes for≥ 3.5 V Li-Ion Cells”. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2016, 8, 27720–27729.
● Y. S. Gim, Y. Lee, S. Kim, S. Hao, M. S. Kang, W. J. Yoo, H. Kim, C. Wolverton, and J. H. Cho. “Organic Dye Graphene Hybrid Structures with Spectral Color Selectivity”. Adv. Funct. Mater., 2016, 26, 6593-6600.
● S. Kim, J. -K. Noh, M. Aykol, Z. Lu, H. Kim, W. Choi, C. Kim, K. Y. Chung, C. Wolverton, and B. -W. Cho. “Layered-Layered-Spinel Cathode Materials Prepared by a High-Energy Ball-Milling Process for Lithium-ion Batteries”. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2016, 8, 363–370.
2015 (2nd Year)
● S. Kim, M. Aykol, and C. Wolverton. “Surface Phase Diagram and Stability of (001) and (111) LiMn2O4 Spinel Oxides”. Phys. Rev. B, 2015, 92, 115411.
● L. Jaberi-Ansari, K. P. Puntambekar, S. Kim, M. Aykol, L. Luo, J. Wu, B. D. Myers, H. Iddir, J. T. Russell, S. Saldana, R. Kumar, M. M. Thackeray, L. A. Curtiss, V. P. Dravid, C. Wolverton, and M. C. Hersam. “Suppressing Manganese Dissolution from Lithium Manganese Oxide Spinel Cathodes with Single-Layer Graphene”. Adv. Energy Mater., 2015, 5, 1500646.
● M. Aykol, S. Kim, and C. Wolverton. “van der Waals Interactions in Layered Lithium Cobalt Oxides”. J. Phys. Chem. C, 2015, 119, 19053-19058.
● E. J. Shin1, S. Kim1, J. -K. Noh, D. Byun, K. Y. Chung, H. -S. Kim, and B. -W. Cho, "A Green Recycling Process Designed for LiFePO4 Cathode Materials for Li-ion Batteries". J. Mater. Chem. A, 2015, 3, 11493–11502.
● J. H. Cho1, M. Aykol1, S. Kim1, J. H. Ha, C. Wolverton, K. Y. Chung, K. B. Kim, and B. W. Cho. “Controlling the Intercalation Chemistry in Dual-Salt Hybrid Rechargeable Batteries”. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2014, 136, 16116–16119.
● J. K. Noh1, S. Kim1, H. S. Kim, W. C. Choi, W. Chang, D. Byun, B. W. Cho, and K. Y. Chung. “Mechanochemical Synthesis of Li2MnO3 Shell/LiMO2 (M = Ni, Co, Mn) Core-Structured Nanocomposites for Lithium-ion Batteries”. Scientific Reports, 2014, 4, 4847.
2014 (1st Year)
● J. J. Choi, S. Kim, W. B. Im, W. Chang, B. W. Cho, J. H. Kim, H. L. Choi, and K. Y. Chung. “Synthesis of Nanostructure Li2MnSiO4/C Using a Microwave Assisted Sol-Gel Process with Water as a Base Solvent”. J. Electroceram., 2013, 31, 176–180.
● S. Kim, J. K. Noh, S. Yu, W. Chang, K. Y. Chung, and B. W. Cho. “Effects of Transition Metal Doping and Surface Treatment to Improve the Electrochemical Performance of Li2MnO3”. J. Electroceram., 2013, 30, 159–165.
● J. S. Yun, S. Kim, B. W. Cho, K. Y. Lee, K. Y. Chung, and W. Chang. “Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of Li3V2(PO4)3-LiMnPO4 Composite Cathode Material for Lithium-ion Batteries”. Bull. Korean Chem. Soc., 2013, 34, 433–436.
● S. Yu, S. Kim, T. Y. Kim, J. H. Nam, and W. I. Cho. “Modeling Predictions and Experiments to Examine the Effects of Electrode Design Factors for a High Capacity Lithium-ion Battery”. Bull. Korean Chem. Soc., 2013, 34, 79–88.
● S. Yu, S. Kim, T. Y. Kim, J. H. Nam, and W. I. Cho. “Transportation Properties in Nano-sized LiFePO4 Positive Electrodes and Their Effects on the Cell Performance”. J. Appl. Electrochem., 2013, 43, 253–262.
● S. Kim, W. C. Choi, K. Y. Chung, W. Chang, and S. H. Oh. “Rechargeable Batteries: Current Status and Future Perspectives”. KISToday, 2012, 9, 55–64.
● S. Kim, C. Kim, Y. I. Jhon, J. K. Noh, S. H. Vemuri, R. Smith, K. Y. Chung, M. S. Jhon, and B. W. Cho. “Synthesis of Layered-layered 0.5Li2MnO3·0.5LiCoO2 Nanocomposite Electrodes Materials with Mechanochemical Process and First Principles Study”. J. Mater. Chem., 2012, 22, 25418–25426.
● S. Kim, C. Kim, J. -K. Noh, S. Yu, S. J. Kim, W. Chang, W. C. Choi, K. Y. Chung, and B. W. Cho. “Synthesis of Layered-layered xLi2MnO3·(1-x)LiMO2 (M = Mn, Ni, Co) Nanocomposite Electrodes Materials by Mechanochemical Process”. J. Power Sources, 2012, 220, 422–429.
● S. Kim, “Inverse Modeling of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell”, 2009 (MS thesis)
● G. J. Dileo, M. E. Neff, S. Kim, and P. E. Savage. “Supercritical Water Gasification of Phenol and Glycine as Models for Plant and Protein Biomass”. Energy & Fuels, 2008, 22, 871–877.
Patents:
● “Protective Cathode Coatings for Lithium-Ion Batteries”, 2017, US Patent Application No. 62/292,631.
● “Fabrication Method of Mg-Air Battery Air Cathodes”, 2013, Korea Patent Application No. 10-2013-0095371.
● “Method of Olivine-Based LiFePO4 Cathode Material Using Recycled FePO4·2H2O (Metastrengite) Precursors and Lithium Secondary Battery Therewith”, 2013, Korea Patent Application No. 2013-0027039, US Patent Application No. 13/944,457.
Pre-2013
● “Fabrication Method of Nanocomposite For Lithium Secondary Battery”, 2012, Korea Patent Application No. 10-2012-0048634, US Patent Application No. 13/853,141.
● “Cathode Active Materials for Lithium Secondary Battery and Preparation Method Thereof”, 2012, Korea Patent Application No. 10-2012-0091913, US Patent Application No. 13/742,108.
Conferences:
● S. Patel, S. Kim, and C. Wolverton. “Ab-Initio Calculations of Transition Metal Doping in Li2FePO4F Polymorphs”. 18th International Meeting on Lithium Batteries (IMLB), 2016.
● Z. Yao, S. Kim, M. Aykol, Q. Li, J. Wu, V. Dravid, and C. Wolverton. “Prediction of the Lithiation Process of Transition Metal Oxides (Co3O4 and NiO) for Lithium-Ion Batteries from First Principles”. 18th International Meeting on Lithium Batteries (IMLB), 2016.
● S. Kim, M. Aykol, and C. Wolverton. “First Principles Design of Hybrid Cathode Architectures Based on LiMn2O4 Spinel Oxides”. 18th International Meeting on Lithium Batteries (IMLB), 2016.
● S. Kim and C. Wolverton, “First Principles Investigation of Rechargeable Battery Cathode Materials”, Northwestern Computational Research Day, 2016.
● S. Kim, Invited Seminar at Sungkyunkwan University. “First Principles Design and Investigation of Rechargeable Battery Cathode Materials”, 2016.
● S. Kim and C. Wolverton. “Energetically Stable LiMn2O4 Surface Structure and Its Equilibrium Shape”. Electrochemical Society Spring Meeting, 2016.
● S. Kim, J. K. Noh, K. Y. Chung, B. W. Cho, and C. Wolverton. “Recent Advances in Layered-Layered and Layered-Layered-SpinelComposite Cathode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries Produced with Solid State Synthesis: An Experimental and First-Principles Study”. Electrochemical Society Spring Meeting, 2016.
● M. Aykol, S. Kim, J. H. Cho, J. H. Ha, K. Y. Chung, K. B. Kim, B. -W. Cho, and C. Wolverton. “Revealing Thermodynamics of Magnesium and Lithium Ion Insertion Chemistry in Ultrafast Discharging Hybrid Rechargeable Batteries”. Electrochemical Society Spring Meeting, 2015.
● M. Aykol, S. Kim, S. Kirklin, D. Morgan, and C. Wolverton. “A High-Throughput Search for Functional Cathode Coating for Lithium-ion Batteries by First-Principles Thermodynamics”. Electrochemical Society Spring Meeting, 2015.
● S. Kim, M. Aykol, and C. Wolverton. “First-Principles Investigation of Stable LiMn2O4 Surfaces for Lithium-ion Batteries”. Electrochemical Society Spring Meeting, 2015.
● S. Kim, M. Aykol, C. Wolverton, J. H. Cho, and B. -W. Cho. “High Lithium Ionic Mobility in Mo6S8 Chevrel Phase Cathodes”. Electrochemical Society Spring Meeting, 2014.
● S. Kim, L. Ward, K. Michel, C. Wolverton, E. J. Shin, H. S. Kim, and B. -W. Cho. “The Predicted Crystal Structure of Metastrengite I FePO4·2H2O and Its Importance in Li-ion Battery Systems”. Electrochemical Society Spring Meeting, 2014.
● S. Kim, S. H. Vemuri, R. Smith, K. Y. Chung, M. S. Jhon, and B. -W. Cho. “Preparation of Li-excess Electrode Materials and Their Characterizations Using First-principles Calculations”. MRS Spring Meeting, 2013.
● J. K. Noh, S. Kim, E. J. Shin, D. Byun, K. Y. Chung, and B. -W. Cho. “Synthesis of xLi2MnO3·(1-x)LiMO2 (x = 0.4, 0.5, 0.6; M = Mn, Ni, Co) Electrode Materials for Lithium ion Batteries”. Korean Electrochemical Society Fall Meeting, 2012.
● E. J. Shin, S. Kim, J. K. Noh, D. Byun, B. -W. Cho, and H. S. Kim. “Preparation of LiFePO4 for Li-ion Batteries Using Recycled FePO4·xH2O as Precursor”. Korean Electrochemical Society Fall Meeting, 2012.
● S. Kim, J. K. Noh, K. Y. Chung, and B. W. Cho. “Synthesis of xLi2MnO3•(1-x)LiCoO2 Electrode Materials for Li-ion Batteries with Mechanochemical Process”. Korean Electrochemical Society Fall Meeting, 2012.
● S. Kim, D.H. Kim, S. M. Bak, J. K. Noh, K. W. Nam, X. Q. Yang, K. B. Kim, W. Chang, B. -W. Cho, and K. Y. Chung. “A study on the Cathode materials for Lithium Ion Batters Using In Situ Analytical Techniques”. 2nd Korean-French Seminar on Nanomateirals for Energy, 2012.
● S. Kim, K. Y. Chung, and B. -W. Cho. “Synthesis of 0.5Li2MnO3·0.5LiMO2 (M = Mn, Ni, Co) Layered-layered Integrated Cathode Electrode Materials with Mechanochemical Process”. Electrochemical Society (222nd) Fall Meeting, 2012.
● J. K. Noh, S. Kim, S. J. Kim, D. J. Byun, and B. -W. Cho. “Electrochemical Properties of LiMO2 (M = Ni, Co, Mn) Cathode Materials with Transition Metal Doping/Substitution via Mechanical Alloying”. International Union of Material Research Society, 2012.
● J. K. Noh, S. Kim, and B. -W. Cho. “Synthesis of Li2MnO3·LiMO2 (M = Mn, Ni, Co) Nanocomposite via Mechanicanochemical Process”. International Meeting on Lithium Batteries, 2012.
● S. Kim, J. K. Noh, and B. -W. Cho. “Transition Metal Surface Treatment on Li2MnO3 and its Electrochemical Properties”. International Meeting on Lithium Batteries, 2012.
● S. Kim, Invited Speaker for World-Class-University (WCU) Program. “WCU Workshop on Human Interface Devices”, 2012.
● S. Kim, P. Jain, L. T. Biegler, and M. S. Jhon. “Inverse Modeling of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells”. AIChE Meeting, 2009.
Projects:
● Center for Hierarchical Materials Design (CHiMaD), 2017.
● Northwestern-Argonne Institute of Science and Engineering (NAISE), 2013-2016.
● “Energy Saving Solar Chargeable Smart Window”, National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea Funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning, 2013.
● “Development of Basic Technologies for Large-Scale Secondary Batteries for Energy Storage”, National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea Funded by the Ministry of Education Science and Technology (MEST), 2012-2013.
● “Development of Basic and Core Technology for Novel Cathode and Electrolyte for Lithium Secondary Batteries and Novel Materials for Large-Scale Secondary Batteries”, National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea Funded by the Ministry of Education Science and Technology (MEST), 2012-2013.
● “Development of Manufacturing Technology of Lithium Secondary Battery and Electrode Material for Electric Scooter”, Industrial Project with CM Partner Co., 2012.
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